When discussing the most populated tribe in Plateau State, Nigeria, one group stands out prominently—the Berom (sometimes spelled Birom). While exact census figures detailing the population of each ethnic group are not readily available, historical records and demographic studies suggest that the Berom people are the largest indigenous tribe in Plateau State.
Their dominance is evident in their widespread presence across key local government areas (LGAs), their cultural influence, and their significant role in the state’s socio-economic structure.
The Berom: The Largest Ethnic Group in Plateau State
Geographical Spread
The Berom people predominantly reside in four major LGAs:
- Jos North
- Jos South
- Barkin Ladi
- Riyom
These LGAs are among the most urbanized and economically active areas of Plateau State. The capital city, Jos, falls within Jos North and Jos South, further reinforcing the Berom’s prominence due to urban migration and economic opportunities.
Historical Significance
The Berom have deep historical roots in Plateau State, dating back centuries. They were historically known for their engagement in:
- Agriculture, particularly in cultivating crops like maize, millet, and potatoes.
- Hunting, which played a significant role in their culture and traditions.
- Mining, as Plateau State is rich in tin and other minerals, industries in which the Berom people were historically involved.
Population Estimate and Comparison with Other Tribes
While the exact population of the Berom remains undocumented in official census reports, estimates suggest they are the most populous ethnic group in the state. Plateau State itself has over 40 indigenous tribes, but the Berom are often cited as having the highest population due to their expansive land coverage and influence in urban centers.
Other notable tribes in Plateau State include:
| Tribe | Key LGAs of Presence | Economic Activities |
|---|---|---|
| Ngas (Angas) | Pankshin, Kanke | Farming, Trading |
| Tarok | Langtang North, Langtang South | Agriculture, Military Service |
| Goemai | Shendam, Mikang, Quan’Pan | Fishing, Farming |
| Afizere (Jarawa) | Jos East, Jos North | Agriculture, Trading |
| Mwaghavul | Mangu | Farming, Education |
Despite the presence of these other tribes, the Berom remain the most influential and populous, particularly because of their dominance in and around Jos, the state’s administrative and commercial hub.
Cultural and Economic Influence of the Berom
Cultural Contributions
The Berom people have a strong cultural identity, which is evident in their traditions, festivals, and language. One of the most notable celebrations is the Nzem Berom Festival, an annual cultural event that showcases their rich heritage, traditional attire, and communal unity.
Economic Contributions
Being the predominant group in urbanized areas of Plateau State, the Berom significantly contribute to:
- Commerce and trade in Jos and surrounding areas.
- Educational development, with institutions like the University of Jos being located in their traditional region.
- Political leadership, as many prominent leaders from Plateau State are of Berom descent.
Challenges Facing the Berom People
Despite their population dominance, the Berom face several socio-economic challenges, including:
- Land Disputes – Conflicts over land ownership, particularly in Jos, have led to tensions between the Berom and other ethnic groups.
- Ethno-Religious Conflicts – Being a predominantly Christian group in a diverse religious environment, the Berom have often been at the center of communal clashes.
- Economic Pressures – Urbanization and migration have led to increased competition for resources and employment in Berom-dominated areas.
Conclusion
To answer the question, who is the most populated tribe in Plateau State? the available evidence strongly suggests that the the available evidence strongly suggests that the Berom people hold this position based on their extensive presence in key local government areas and their influence in the region.
Their presence across major LGAs, their historical and cultural significance, and their socio-economic impact solidify their status as the largest indigenous ethnic group in the state. While other tribes contribute significantly to Plateau State’s diversity and development, the Berom’s influence remains unparalleled.
References
- National Population Commission, “Population Estimates for Plateau State,” National Population Commission.
- Plateau State Government, “Ethnic Composition of Plateau State,” Plateau State Government.
- Wikipedia, “Berom People,” Wikipedia.
- Britannica, “Plateau State of Nigeria,” Britannica.
- Joshua Project, “Berom Ethnic Group Profile,” Joshua Project.
- Free Knowledge Africa, “The Indigenous Tribes of Plateau State,” Free Knowledge Africa.